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GERMAN GRAMMAR · B1

German passive tenses: wird, wurde and ist … worden

German process passive combines a form of werden with a past participle. Compare wird geprüft, wurde geprüft and ist geprüft worden. The affected subject controls agreement. An optional phrase with von plus dative can name the person doing the action.

Change the tense without changing the subject’s role

In each version, the document receives the checking action. Present wird becomes simple-past wurde; the perfect uses ist with geprüft worden. In the plural, use the matching auxiliary forms rather than agreeing with a later agent phrase.

Die Dokumente wurden gestern geprüft.

The documents were checked yesterday.

Worden is a special passive form

For lexical becoming, use geworden, as in becoming quiet. After another participle in the process passive, use worden. This is a distinction between two uses of werden, not a general instruction to remove ge- from participles.

Der Motor ist leiser geworden. Der Motor ist repariert worden.

The engine has become quieter. The engine has been repaired.

Name the agent only when useful

A passive sentence can omit the person doing the action. To identify that person, use von with dative: von einer Technikerin. The preposition determines the case inside its phrase; the affected subject still determines the verb’s number.

Die Motoren wurden von einer Technikerin geprüft.

The engines were checked by a technician.

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References

Original explanations and examples informed by grammar references. Level placement is an editorial teaching choice.