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GERMAN GRAMMAR · B2

Je ... desto and als ob: German comparisons beyond als

Je ... desto and je ... umso link two changing degrees. The je clause has a final finite verb; the comparative phrase opens the following main clause. Als ob introduces an as-if comparison and can use Konjunktiv II to distance it from a factual assertion.

Use a comparative on each side

Both parts describe a degree that can change. The changes need not go in the same direction: longer waiting can leave less patience. The construction expresses a relationship; it does not provide independent proof of a cause.

Je länger wir warten, desto weniger Zeit haben wir.

The longer we wait, the less time we have.

Keep the comparative phrase together

The whole phrase beginning with desto or umso occupies the main clause’s first position. It can contain several words and a noun. The finite verb follows that complete phrase, before the subject where appropriate.

Je früher Nora beginnt, desto mehr Zeit hat sie.

The earlier Nora starts, the more time she has.

An appearance does not establish the fact

An als ob comparison describes how something looks or is presented. Konjunktiv II makes the distance from a direct assertion explicit, without always proving the comparison false. Keep the finite verb last, and use a past construction if the imagined event is earlier.

Nora wirkt, als ob sie schlecht geschlafen hätte.

Nora seems as if she had slept badly.

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References

Original explanations and examples informed by grammar references. Level placement is an editorial teaching choice.